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scope of income tax law

scope of income tax law
The historical of income tax dates back to 1860's when the British Government first levied income tax in India.thereafter the law amended in 1886, 1922 and 1961. The income tax act, 1961 as amended covers-
-The basis of charging income
-incomes exempt from income tax -computation of income under various heads
-clubbing of income
-setoff and carry forward of losses
-permissible deduction
- Rebates and relief
- Double taxation
-Determination of tax in certain special cases
-Non resident
- Presumptive taxation
- Income tax authorities and their powers
-Survey, search and seizure
- assessment procedure
-assessment of individuals,firms,companies,etc
- collection and recovery of tax
-Payment of advance tax
- refund of tax
- Advance rullings
-Appeal and revision,settlement commission
-Acquisition of immovable property
-Penalty
- prosecution

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introduction to income tax law

Basic concept
income tax is a tax on income, whether actual or deemed,in cash or in kind.According to Article 270 of the construction of India, levy and collection of taxes of income (excluding agricultural income) is within the power of the central government. The net tax proceed determined in the prescribed manner are,however,distributed between the centre and the states as per the recommendation of the finace commission,which is appointed by the recommendation of the finance commission, which is appointed by the president of India in every five years.according to art 265 of the constitution of India. Levy and collection of any tax shall be under the authority of a state law(a valid act of a componets legislation). The income tax Act 1961 extends to the whole of India.
the main thing under the income tax act cenres round the term "taxable income" and it shall be determined on the basis of residential status of the assessed. Thus there are certain income under the income tax Act which are specifically excluded, certain deduction are available which computing income under the different heads e.g . Salary,house property,profits and gains of business or profession, capital gains and income from other sources.moreover in computing taxable income one has to consider the deemed income.clubbing of incomes, setoff and carry forward of losses.once the taxable income is ascertained,the next step is to ascertain the income tax payable by the assesse.net tax payable is ascertained by dedicating the tax rebates, reliefs, advance tax paid and tax deducted at source from the tax so payable.

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ABBREVIATIONS

A.A.F Auxiliary Air Force
A.A.P.S.O Afro-Asian People's Solidarity Organization
A.A.U.I Automobile Association of Upper India
A.B.C Audit Bureau Of Circulation, Alphabets
A/C Account
A.C Alternative Currant; Ashok Chakra
A.C.C Auxiliary Cadet Corps
A.F.F.C Air Force Flying College
A.B.D Asian Development Bank
Adjust. Adjust, Adjectives
A.E.C Atomic Energy Commission
A.G. Account General
A.G.F Asian Games Federation
A.H.Q Army Head Quarter
A.I Air India
A.I.C.C All India Congress Committee
A.I.I.M.S. All Institute Of medical science
A.I.R All India Radio
A.I.R.O. Army In India Reserve Of Office
A.I.T.U.C All India Trade Unions Congress
A.I.W.C All India Women's Conference
A.M.I.C.E Associate Member Of the Institute of civil Engineers
A.I.I Air Indian international
A.M.I.E Association member of the institute of Engineers
A.M.I.E.E Associate Member of the institute of Electrical Engineer
A.P.H.L.C All parties hill leaders conference
A.R.C Administrative Reforms Commission
A.S.C Army Service Corps
B.A Bachelor of arts ; British academy
B.B.C British Broadcasting Corporation
B.C Before Chirst ; Board of Control
B.E Bachelor of Engineering
B.Ed. Bachelor of Education
B.H.U Banaras Hindu University
B.O.A.C. British overseas Airways Corporation
C.A charted account
C. & A.G comptroller & auditor general
C.O.A.S chief of army staff
C.B.I central bureau of investigation
C.D.S.O commonwealth defence science organization
C.E.N.T.O central treaty organization
c.i.a central intelligence agency
C.I.D criminal investigation department
c in c commender in chief
C.N.S chief of the naval staff
C.P.I communist party of India
C.R central railway
C.S.I.R council of scientific & industrial research
C.T.O central telegraph office
C.W.P.C central water and power commission
D.A dearness allowance
D.C deputy commission
D.C.L doctor of civil law
D.I.G deputy inspector general
D.Litt doctor of literature
D.L.F development of loan fund
D.L.O dead letter office
D.M district magistrate
D.M.K Dravid mannetra kazhagam
D.O demi official
D.P displaced persons
D.P.I director of public instructions
D.Sc director of science
E.C.A.F.E economic commission for Asia and far east
E.C.M European common market
E.D.C European defence community
ELIN C. Engineer in chief
E.S.R.O European space research
etc etcetera
Ex officio by virtue of one's office
ALGOL. Algorithmic language
ASCII. American standard code for information interchange
BASIC. Beginner's all purpose symbolic instructions code
BCD. Binary codes decimal
BCR. Bar code reader
CAD. Computer aided design
CDMA. code division multiple access
DVD .Digital versatile disk
DLS. Digital subscriber lines
DTP. Desk top publishing
DOS Disk operating system
FLOPS .Floating point operations per second
FTP. File transfer protocol
GPRS. General packet radio service
GPS. Global positioning system
GSM. Global system for mobile communication
GUI. Graphical user interface
HDD. Hard disk drive
HTML. hyper text markup language
HTTP. Hyper text markup language
HTTP. Hyper text transfer protocol
IC. Integrated circuit

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